PTFE (Polytetrafluoroethylene) is widely used in sliding bearings due to its unique combination of mechanical and chemical properties. Its low coefficient of friction, self-lubricating nature, high compressive strength, and chemical resistance make it ideal for applications requiring smooth, maintenance-free movement under load. Additionally, PTFE's ability to operate across a broad temperature range and adapt to structural movements (like rotations and displacements) further enhances its suitability for bearing applications. For specialized needs, custom PTFE parts can be engineered to meet specific performance requirements.
Key Points Explained:
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Low Coefficient of Friction
- PTFE has the lowest coefficient of friction of any known solid (~0.04–0.10), which decreases further under pressure.
- This property minimizes wear and energy loss, making it ideal for sliding surfaces.
- Performance is exceptional when paired with polished stainless steel, a common bearing counterpart.
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Self-Lubricating Properties
- PTFE naturally releases lubricating films during motion, eliminating the need for external lubricants.
- Dimpled PTFE surfaces can retain lubricants for even smoother operation.
- This feature ensures maintenance-free performance, reducing lifecycle costs.
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High Compressive Strength
- Withstands pressures up to 200 Kgf/cm² (2900 psi)—double that of materials like neoprene.
- Maintains structural integrity under heavy loads without permanent deformation.
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Chemical and Temperature Resistance
- Inert to most chemicals, including acids, solvents, and alkalis, making it suitable for harsh environments.
- Stable across a wide temperature range (-200°C to +260°C), ensuring reliability in diverse conditions.
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Flexibility and Shear Deformation Capacity
- Adapts to beam rotations and horizontal displacements (e.g., in seismic applications).
- Absorbs impact forces from live loads or earthquakes, enhancing structural safety.
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Design and Cost Efficiency
- Simple fabrication and installation reduce production complexity.
- Filled PTFE variants (e.g., with glass or carbon) can handle higher PV (Pressure × Velocity) values (up to 10,000+), extending application scope.
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Dirt Absorption and Isolation
- PTFE’s surface traps contaminants, preventing damage to mating surfaces.
- Provides vibration damping, critical in dynamic load scenarios.
These properties collectively make PTFE a superior choice for sliding bearings, balancing performance, durability, and cost-effectiveness.
Summary Table:
| Property | Benefit |
|---|---|
| Low Coefficient of Friction | Minimizes wear and energy loss (~0.04–0.10), ideal for sliding surfaces. |
| Self-Lubricating | Eliminates need for external lubricants, reducing maintenance costs. |
| High Compressive Strength | Withstands up to 2900 psi, maintaining integrity under heavy loads. |
| Chemical/Temperature Resistance | Inert to most chemicals; stable from -200°C to +260°C. |
| Flexibility & Shear Capacity | Adapts to rotations/displacements (e.g., seismic applications). |
| Design Efficiency | Simple fabrication; filled variants extend performance (PV up to 10,000+). |
| Dirt Absorption | Traps contaminants, protecting mating surfaces and damping vibrations. |
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